The average sequencing depth of these samples was 27.5× (Additional file 3: Table S5). 1A Additional file 3: Table S4) and obtained 1811 Gb of high-quality clean reads after filtering. We re-sequenced 98 samples from six natural populations in North China (NTC), Northeast China (NEC), Xinjiang (XJ), and South China (STC) (Fig. segetum with an assembled size of 600 Mb and a contig N50 length of 2.53 Mb (Additional file 1). Genome variation and population structure among all accessionsĪ total of 35.82 Gb of PacBio reads were used to assemble a high-quality reference genome of A. The results can be employed to guide the development and application of new strategies for agricultural pest management. segetum and thus provides a reference for the study of the adaptive evolutionary mechanism of agricultural pests. This study revealed the genetic mechanisms of environmental adaptability of A. segetum, especially to cold tolerance, pesticide resistance, and host plant adaptability. Selective sweep analysis was used to study the local adaptation of A. Genome-wide variants, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and structural variations (SVs), were identified by sequencing the genomes of individuals collected from China we then analyzed the population structure based on SNPs and SVs. segetum (contig N50 = 2.53 Mb) using PacBio reads. In this study, we assembled a high-quality reference genome of A. segetum is widely distributed in China, spanning multiple climatic environments, which provides a good model studying the environmental adaptability of agricultural pests. The moth is widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The larvae chew the stems of crop plants close to the ground, thereby killing the entire plant and causing severe economic and ecological damage. segetum hides in shallow soil near crops during the day and comes out at night to feed. ![]() The turnip moth, Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous underground pest that harms a variety of crops and vegetables, including corn, wheat, cotton, potatoes, and tomatoes. However, compared with other areas of biology such as plants, the field of agricultural pests remains insufficiently researched. Population genomics has been widely used in the analysis of genetic evolution, adaptive evolution, and important traits. ![]() Understanding these adaptive evolutionary mechanisms is important for developing new prevention and control strategies. Faced with the complex and changeable natural and anthropic environments, insects have evolved a series of adaptive strategies, including morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular adaptations. Over the long course of evolution, insects have developed the ability to rapidly adapt to their local habitat. ![]() Habitat conditions are critical to insect development and reproduction. segetum has provided insights into the genetic mechanisms of local adaptation and evolution it has also produced genetic resources for developing new pest management strategies. Selective sweep analysis and environmental association studies showed that candidate genes associated with local adaptation were functionally correlated with detoxification metabolism and glucose metabolism. The analysis of the population structure showed that all individuals were divided into four well-differentiated populations, corresponding to their geographical distribution. segetum by resequencing 98 individuals collected from six natural populations in China. Then, we constructed a variation map of A. We assembled a high-quality reference genome of A. It is thus a good model for studying the adaptive evolution of pest species. The turnip moth, Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important underground pest that affects a wide range of host plants and has a strong capacity to adapt to new environments. However, there are few studies on the genetic basis of adaptations of agricultural pests. The adaptive mechanisms of agricultural pests are the key to understanding the evolution of the pests and to developing new control strategies.
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